Water objects
Anastasia Zemlyanichko 06/02/2018 no comments
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(18 estimates, average: 4,11 out of 5)
- 1 Action plan
- 2 Source of water intake 2.1 Centralized water supply
- 2.2 If the source of water is a well or borehole
- 3.1 How to make water inlet
- 4.1 Serial connection
Not all private households have running water. Sometimes there is no centralized water supply even down the street. So residents in such settlements use either common wells, or wells located in their courtyards. But we live in a time when water supply and sewerage in the house is not a luxury, but a necessity. Thanks to the plumbing in the house, you no longer need to waste time fetching water. It can be used for other equally important activities.
Therefore, in this article, we will talk about how to supply water to a private house and correctly lay a water supply system through it. Let's look at these questions step by step.
Action plan
- Determine the source of water intake (where you will need to supply water: well, well, centralized water supply)
- Determine what material will be used to enter the water supply into a private house and water supply wiring inside the house
- Determine the places of water consumers (washstand, washing machine, bathroom, toilet, and so on)
- Draw a diagram of the future water conduit
- Determine your financial resources (it depends on who will do the work and from what material the water supply will be wired).
These actions will be enough to bring water into the house without complicating this process.
Collector circuit - ideal for a large house
Collector wiring of the water supply system implies the supply of separate pipes to each point of water consumption. Sink in the kitchen, toilet, shower - every tap in the house supplies water in the right volume, independently of the others. Pipes are supplied from a collector installed at the inlet of the water supply to the house. It is a device with one input and several outputs. Their number is selected based on the number of points of water consumption. In this case, it is necessary to take into account not only the taps, but also the washing machine and dishwasher, water on the street, etc.
It is clearly seen here that all points of water consumption are independent of each other. It is very convenient for both operation and repair.
The manifold can only be installed after water filters and pressure reducers have been connected.
This is what the collector looks like under the sink. Agree, not very convenient for an ordinary apartment. Something even resembles an airplane dashboard
This scheme has many advantages. Firstly, without prejudice to household members, you can turn off the water in the shower, while leaving the possibility of using other bathrooms.
Secondly, all control valves for the water supply system are located in one place, easy access to them is provided. Typically, the manifold is located in a plumbing cabinet or in a separate room.
Third, there is a stable pressure in the system. The collector wiring protects against drops, thereby ensuring that in the shower you will not be doused with boiling water if someone turns on the water in the kitchen.
Fourthly, the minimum risk of breakdowns and ease of repair, because only one solid pipe runs from the crane to the collector.
In a private house, when using a collector circuit, water pipes can be hidden even under a screed: the probability of breakage of solid pipes is negligible
Fifthly, the water temperature at all points of water consumption is the same, even if all taps are open at the same time.
Sixth, the connection of new taps or equipment using water is carried out quickly, without prejudice to other consumers. To do this, you only need to install a collector with a margin of several leads.
Everything has its drawbacks, and the collector method is no exception. It requires a lot of building materials. Two pipes are not enough here. And this, in turn, leads to significant material costs. And the installation of a water supply system according to this scheme takes a lot of time.
In addition, a lot of space is needed to place the collector and so many pipes. The place where the water supply system enters the apartment cannot be hidden behind the cabinet, it looks not aesthetically pleasing.
Water intake source
The water source can be centralized plumbing, well, well, lake or river... Several sources can be used, for example, a well and a centralized water supply. But now we will only discuss the first three.
Centralized water supply
To make the input of water into a house from a centralized water supply system, you first need to agree on the issues of the tie-in with the authorities that are responsible for this water supply system. Then we make the connection using a clamp of the appropriate diameter.
It is better to make an inspection well at the connection point. So it will be possible to inspect and audit the connection point. We mount in the clamp emergency shut-off valve, it is better with a collapsible connection, so that it can be easily replaced in case of failure. Well, then we lay the pipe and connect it to the emergency tap.
If the source of water is a well or well
In both cases, pumping equipment is required. If the depth of the well is small, then a pumping station can be used. And if the depth exceeds the technical characteristics of pumping stations, then, as for a well, it is better to use submersible pumps.
A pumping station is usually equipped with an electric motor with a pump attached to it, a hydraulic accumulator (also known as a receiver), a pressure gauge, and a mechanical automatic switch on the electric pump.
For submersible pumps, the hydraulic accumulator, automation and pressure gauge must be installed independently.
The value of the cost of creating a water supply system in the house
Without a doubt, the question "how much does it cost to carry a water supply to a private house" worries many. The cost depends on the region and the type of water source. In addition, the cost of creating a water supply system will depend, in the case of arranging a well or a well, on the depth of the aquifer and the type of soil. Quite accurately, the price of water supply to a private house is determined only by specialists. Estimated costs for the installation of a water supply system from 20 to 30 thousand rubles when connected to a central water supply. If water is supposed to be extracted from the well, then the cost of its arrangement can be about 10 thousand rubles.
If you lead a water supply to a private house from an artesian well, then the costs can reach an approximate value of 160 thousand rubles. The water in an artesian well is usually under pressure, so there is no need for a submersible pump. Significant expenses for the creation of an artesian well consist of the costs of registering it, drilling, purchasing a battery capacity and purchasing (if necessary) a pumping station. Naturally, all costs will pay off in the future, because water of excellent quality will be absolutely free in any required quantity.
What material to choose for input
Exists several pipe options for the organization of water supply in the house, but it is the polypropylene pipe that has proven itself well. The service life is designed for fifty years, it does not oxidize, it can withstand pressure loads, and is easy to install.
In terms of technical characteristics, such a pipe is inferior only to a copper pipe, but the price smooths out this drawback.
It is important to pay attention to the diameter of the inlet pipe. It depends on how comfortable you will be using your water supply system.
It is better to use a pipe for input diameter 32 mm... It is slightly more expensive than a 25 mm pipe, but it will have a good supply of throughput, and this will play an important role in the future when there is a need to add consumption points. Also, it is better to mount a pipe that can withstand a pressure of 10 atmospheres.
How to make water inlet
First, you need to determine the place where you will lead the pipe into the house. Then you dig a trench from the house to the place of the water source. The depth of the trench directly depends on the area in which you live. The more the soil freezes during winter frosts, the deeper the trench should be. Sometimes, to make the depth of the trench less, the pipe is insulated. Each layer of such insulation reduces the depth of the trench by 20 centimeters.
How to connect to the central water supply was described above. Well, how to bring water into the house from a well? A pumping station, even the most powerful, may not always be enough. It all depends on the distance of the well from the house. Therefore, not far from him make a caisson and a pumping station is installed in it.
A suction pipe is lowered into the well at the level of the trench. Then the pipe is laid horizontally to the caisson, and there it is connected to the pumping station. After the pipe is laid to the house.
Unlike a well, water intake from a well does not require the manufacture of a caisson, since the well can be located both under the house building and outside it. But in any case, the accumulator and everything else can be mounted either in the basement or next to the water inlet. A water supply pipe from a well can be carried out in the same way as water from a well is carried out.
In all cases, the polypropylene pipe should be covered with a small layer of sand before filling it with soil dug from the trench. This will prevent damage to the pipe when backfilling.
At the beginning of work, you need to make a diagram of the location of your communications across the territory.
After we figured it out, how to bring water into the house, let's talk about the possibilities of distributing water supply around the house.
Features of connecting the dishwasher and sink to the water supply
Connecting some consumers, for example, connecting a toilet bowl to a water supply system is very simple and consists in connecting the cistern with a flexible hose to the cold water pipeline. The only thing that needs to be taken into account is the relative position of the water inlet of the drain tank and the location of the water supply system with stop valves.
Both cold and hot water are needed to wash the dishes, so the dishwasher is connected to the water supply by supplying cold water from the manifold.
In this case, the water will be heated in the machine itself. Some dishwashers allow cold and hot water connections. You can find out how to connect a dishwasher to a certain brand of water supply in the instructions for the unit. If such a connection is not allowed in the instructions, then it is absolutely impossible to do it because of the danger of failure of the electronics.
The sink must be provided with both cold and hot water in the required amount, so the sink is connected to the water supply as follows.From the cold water collector, the pipe goes to the inlet of the sink mixer, and hot water from the "hot" collector to the other mixer inlet.
Many plumbing works, including the installation or modernization of the water supply system, are quite within the power of many owners of private houses. There is no particular difficulty in these works. Doing work on your own will save significant money, and the work done by yourself, done for yourself, will be much better.
Water distribution in a private house
Regardless of where your water was supplied from, whether from a well or a well, or from a central water supply, there must be an emergency shut-off valve at the input. After it, a water meter is installed, if you are connected to a centralized water supply.
Then the input from the well or well is connected if you have a combined water connection. This is followed by the outlet of cold water for irrigation or for household needs. Next, the filter unit is mounted. What and how many of them will be determined depending on water quality.
After the filter unit, a hydraulic accumulator and automatic well pump activation are mounted. Here is such a primary circuit, mounted immediately after entering the water. Now it's time to choose one scheme from several options for laying a water supply system in a private house.
A private house, in contrast to an apartment, has a wider range of possibilities with regard to the water supply inside it. Here you can use the serial connection of water consumers. It is also called a tee. Or you can use a collector circuit for connecting consumers. Let's take a look at these two schemes.
Serial connection
This scheme includes a series connection of consumers. Washstand, shower, toilet, as well as everything in the kitchen is connected in series, one after the other. The advantage is that a small amount of pipe is needed. But there is also disadvantage of this system.
In the case of simultaneous use of consumers, the pressure drops at distant points of consumption. This is especially felt when the shower is in operation: it is very difficult to regulate the temperature of the water. This is where the inconvenience of this scheme is manifested. Such a system is more suitable for a family with a small number of people.
Collector connection
This scheme for connecting consumers requires a larger number of pipes, which means that it increases the cost of the water supply project. The essence of this system is that after the primary circuit, collectors for cold and hot water are mounted at the input, and from them pipes are already laid to each individual consumer.
Such a system allows the simultaneous use of water in different places of consumption: in the kitchen, in the shower, and so on. From this it follows that such a scheme is better for comfortable use and suitable for any family.
Sometimes, in order to reduce the cost of the project, but at the same time, to get maximum comfort, these two systems are combined. This works well too.
Installation of pipelines from polypropylene pipes
The laying of polymer pipelines with cold and hot water begins with preparatory work. First, the location of the water pipelines is thought out. Then a special tool is prepared, polypropylene pipes and connecting elements - fittings are purchased.
Mounting accessories are purchased or rented. The main special tool is a soldering iron. If possible, it is also recommended to get a pipe cutter. You will also need a tape measure, a marker and wrenches.
Sequence
Installation of polypropylene pipes does not require special actions from the contractor. Although minimal skills in working with polypropylene are still required. Otherwise, there will be trouble during the operation of the water supply network.
Installation is carried out in the following sequence:
- cut pipe sections of the required length;
- burrs are removed from the ends of parts;
- the necessary fittings are prepared;
- nozzles of the required diameter are installed on the soldering iron;
- the welding tool is heated to a temperature of 260 ° C;
- the elements to be connected are inserted and put on the heated nozzles;
- polypropylene parts heat up for an estimated time depending on the diameter;
- the abutting elements are removed from the soldering iron and quickly connected to each other.
During brazing, the pipe is inserted into the fitting until it stops without twisting. The joint is then fixed in a stationary position for at least 30 seconds, depending on the wall thickness of the parts. The action makes it possible to obtain a sealed joint after curing of the heated polymer.
Features of the
It is recommended to lay polypropylene pipes strictly in horizontal and vertical directions. When cold water and hot water supply lines are placed next to each other, it is necessary to lay the cold water pipeline above the hot line.
Polypropylene has a lower stiffness than steel. Therefore, the installation of plastic pipes is carried out using a larger number of fasteners.
It is recommended to place the brackets every 1500-2000 mm.
Internal water pipe
There are several options: copper, polypropylene, metal-plastic and steel. Consider the main characteristics.
- Copper pipe does not undergo oxidation, therefore it does not rot, withstands high pressure, microbes do not start in it, it does not overgrow from various deposits like a steel pipe. When freezing, it stretches, and does not burst, this preserves the integrity of the pipe. The wall thickness of the pipe is only one millimeter, which makes it possible to use a pipe with a smaller outer diameter with the required internal section. The disadvantage is the price of both the pipe itself and the fittings.
- The polypropylene pipe is quite durable, has good characteristics, the pipe material does not corrode, and has good throughput. A reinforced polypropylene pipe has been created for hot water. During installation, these pipes can be hidden in the walls.
- Reinforced-plastic pipes have an aluminum base, inside they are polypropylene, and outside they are plastic. They also do not corrode, but are afraid of ultraviolet radiation. It is better not to use for hot water, they are deformed at high temperatures.
- Steel pipes are strong enough, but installation is rather difficult. Corroded. During operation, they need to be in open places.
The pipe must be selected depending on your financial capabilities, as well as on the technical parameters of the circuits that you use at home. Especially important use quality materials in critical places of distribution of water supply.
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(18 estimates, average: 4,11 out of 5)
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